Title Topical areas today gives only a general idea of the latest processes and apparatuses of this type, and generally the primary information and the basic characterization is necessary to define in general terms, since the same technology of high-speed electrochemical processes can be realized, for example, not only the extraction heavy metals from water and aqueous solutions, but also during the regeneration process of concentrated solutions do not contain much water in any significant concentrations or not containing water;

Willing to specialists or not, and is currently working conditions dictate a comprehensive approach to the entire set of processes and apparatus for electrochemical processing

A typical representative of such an integrated approach is the following invention:

United States Patent Application 20100224506
Kind Code A1
Livshits; David; et al. September 9, 2010
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PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR COMPLEX TREATMENT OF LIQUIDS
Abstract
Methods and apparatus for complex treatment of contaminated liquids are provided, by which contaminants are extracted from the liquid. The substances to be extracted may be metallic, non-metallic, organic, inorganic, dissolved, or in suspension. The treatment apparatus includes at least one mechanical filter used to filter the liquid solution, a separator device used to remove organic impurities and oils from the mechanically filtered liquid, and an electroextraction device that removes heavy metals from the separated liquid. After treatment within the treatment apparatus, metal ion concentrations within the liquid may be reduced to their residual values of less than 0.1 milligrams per liter. A Method of complex treatment of a contaminated liquid includes using the separator device to remove inorganic and non-conductive substances prior to electroextraction of metals to maximize the effectiveness of the treatment and provide a reusable liquid.
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Inventors: Livshits; David; (San Francisco, CA); Teichner; Lester; (Chicago, IL)
Correspondence Address: VEDDER PRICE P.C.
222 N. LASALLE STREET
CHICAGO
IL
60,601
US
Serial No.: 682 180
Series Code: 12
Filed: October 9, 2008
PCT Filed: October 9, 2008
PCT NO: PCT/US08/79324
371 Date: April 8, 2010

In principle, application of this process and the apparatus includes two sets of technological innovation:

• Separation from the inorganic part of the treated water of all organic fragments, compounds, and non-conducting fluids and materials in the treated water in solution and in other forms;

The proposed complex process, this operation is carried out using a foaming aerodynamic wind blowing devices, the operation is carried out in a dynamic flow of treated water in the original special technological equipment, construction and principle of operation is determined by the principle of wind blowing devices;

The history of this kind of aerodynamic devices began oddly enough with the development of aerodynamic grip for industrial robotics - Technical Systems

This patent for the past 13 years has not opposed any similar technical solutions

United States Patent 5,871,814
Livshits February 16, 1999
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Pneumatic grip
Abstract
A device for shaping a vacuum includes a housing having a primary passageway which includes an inlet. A fluid shaping mechanism is disposed in the primary passageway in fluid communication with the inlet for changing the shape of a fluid flow into a planar fluid flow flowing radially outwardly from a central point. The fluid shaping mechanism includes a conically-shaped portion disposed within the primary passageway, a plurality of secondary passageways extending through the housing from a periphery of the cone-shaped surface to outlets at a bottom surface of the housing, and a reflector adjacent to and spaced from the bottom surface for uniformly reflecting the fluid from the secondary passageways radially outwardly to create a vacuum adjacent thereto.
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Inventors: Livshits; David (Ashdad, IL)
Assignee: Robotech, Inc. (Brooklyn, NY)
Appl. No.: 08/896, 746
Filed: July 18, 1997

When the author saw when tested at a much higher technological capabilities invented technology than capturing pieces, creating over-based electrochemical process invention:

United States Patent Application 20100193445
Kind Code A1
Livshits; David; et al. August 5, 2010
________________________________________
FOAMING OF LIQUIDS
Abstract
Methods and systems for processing of liquids using compressed gases or compressed air are disclosed. In addition, methods and systems for mixing of liquids are disclosed.
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Inventors: Livshits; David; (San Francisco, CA); Teichner; Lester; (Chicago, IL)
Correspondence Address: VEDDER PRICE P.C.
222 N. LASALLE STREET
CHICAGO
IL
60,601
US
Serial No.: 679 884
Series Code: 12
Filed: September 5, 2008
PCT Filed: September 5, 2008
PCT NO: PCT/US08/75378
371 Date: March 24, 2010

• The second block of the principal novelty - is the electrochemical deposition of metals from the treated water at the cathode of the electrochemical reactor, deposition is carried out under high-speed electro-plating in the directed flow of treated water, the flow of this fluid within the electrochemical reactor is carried out by gravity, without the involvement of any fact or external energy, the efficiency of the electrochemical deposition is determined by the following factors:
• The opportunity to raise the current density is 10 times, and, through this, to raise the rate of electro-deposition, in turn, high speed electro-deposition allows it to flow, and, thanks to high speed electro-deposition, it is possible to provide high speed flow, and as a result of this provides high speed and efficiency of the process;

But as the practice should start with adjusting pH:

United States Patent 6,139,714
Livshits October 31, 2000
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Method and apparatus for adjusting the pH of a liquid
Abstract
A process for adjusting the pH of an aqueous flowable fluid includes an electrochemical mechanism for adjusting the pH of an aqueous flowable fluid and a mechanism for then electrochemically stabilizing the adjusted pH of the fluid. A device for performing the process is also included. The device includes an inlet and a channel in fluid communication with the inlet. The channel has the appearance and properties of a U-shaped connected vessel. The U-shaped connected vessel includes an inlet accumulating passage in fluid communication with an active zone between two spaced electrodes wherein the active zone has a small volume relative to the passage for accelerating fluid flow from the passage through the active zone complying with the physics of connected vessels.
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Inventors: Livshits; David (Ashdad, IL)
Assignee: Gemma Industrial Ecology Ltd. (Brooklyn, NY)
Appl. No.: 08/982, 700
Filed: December 2, 1997

• After the adjustment of pH, it was possible to conduct the process using the volume-porous electrodes with a super-developed active working surface, which allows - 1. increase the sensitivity of the electrochemical process and lead electro-deposition at low initial concentrations of metals in treated water - 2. electro-deposition of lead to a residual concentration of metals in the fluid within the milligrams per liter;

So there were prerequisites for the following inventions:

United States Patent Application 20100224497
Kind Code A1
Livshits; David; et al. September 9, 2010
________________________________________
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE EXTRACTION OF METALS FROM LIQUIDS
Abstract
A volume-porous electrode is provided which increases effectiveness and production of electrochemical processes. The electrode is formed of a carbon, graphitic cotton wool, or from carbon composites configured to permit fluid flow through a volume of the electrode in three orthogonal directions. The electrode conducts an electrical charge directly from a power source, and also includes a conductive band connected to a surface of the electrode volume, whereby a high charge density is applied uniformly across the electrode volume. Apparatus and methods which employ the volume-porous electrode are disclosed for removal of metals from liquid solutions using electroextraction and electro-coagulation techniques, and for electrochemical modification of the pH level of a liquid.
________________________________________
Inventors: Livshits; David; (San Francisco, CA); Teichner; Lester; (Chicago, IL)
Correspondence Address: VEDDER PRICE P.C.
222 N. LASALLE STREET
CHICAGO
IL
60,601
US
Serial No.: 682 174
Series Code: 12
Filed: October 9, 2008
PCT Filed: October 9, 2008
PCT NO: PCT/US08/79312
371 Date: April 8, 2010

In implementing this invention had to work creatively to optimize these critical parameters and design versions:

• Configuration of the space-porous electrodes;
• The configuration of the interelectrode space and separation technique of cathodic and anodic areas of this space with a permeable, neutral fabrics, a thin membrane that provides the minimum distance between the surface of the cathode and the anode surface, which also increases the sensitivity of the process and reduces the amount of energy needed to process, while division of areas with positive and negative electric potential reliably, which protects it from short circuits;
• Design and material of electrical contacts made of composite carbon-carbon cloth, and, therefore, provides the following technological and structural advantages - 1. uniform distribution of electric potential across the working volume of the electrodes, 2 - the contact is permeable, which allows you to transfer the electrical potential in the inner volume of the electrode with the flow of treated water, 3 - the contact is located in the treated fluid, enveloping the electrodes from all sides, including from the membrane, which allows to increase the distance between the electrodes to the minimum of the geometry, for example to a thickness of tissue membranes, and the whole area of the membrane have a uniform electric potential of 4 - material fabric material of the contacts that have sorption properties and thus the contact, enveloping the entire volume , serves as the anode and cathode filter;
• Configuration of electrical connections between the reactors and electrochemical sources of electric power;
• Design and material of the electrodes, the material for the electrodes used carbon graphite composite nonwoven material having well-developed three-dimensional structure of the active working surface above the active working surface of conventional electrodes of the same size is 100 000 times;

The goal, set by a comprehensive and fully achieved in this complex integrative invention:

• Regeneration of liquids containing metals, without the use of chemicals;
• Implementation of regeneration without environmentally hazardous waste;
• Carrying out the process without sedimentation;
• Simplicity of design, reliability, and efficiency;
• Low specific energy consumption;
• Ease of maintenance;
• Possibility of integration into existing equipment configuration;
• The direct utilization of the extracted metals;
• High sensitivity of the process, electro-deposition of metals at concentrations below 10 mg per liter;
• High capacity cathode for metal extraction in relation to the working volume;
• One-time option of using the cathode;
• Small amount of time to replace the electrodes;
• Low skill requirements of production personnel;
• Small size equipment, small production facilities required for installation;
• No need for a foundation for the installation of equipment;
• The ability to embed in a production line of manufacturing capacities of regenerated fluid;
• Ability to work with technical equipment in recirculation mode;
• The possibility of electrochemically regenerating fluid containing a mixture of metals in ionic form various organic impurities, mineral oils, process lubricants, inter-operational conservation and other non-conducting materials;
• The possibility of no additional cost to the aeration of liquids being processed;
• The possibility of no additional cost to the oxidation of processed liquids;